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PAMIR shock-absorbing seat for helicopter pilot

The Pamir shock-absorbing seat is the first aviation seat in Russia developed for pilots of the military helicopters and installed in the Mi-28 helicopter. The seat is equipped with an adjustable shock absorber having a 300-mm stroke. It can reduce the ground impact acceleration from 50 g down to 15-18 g in the head-to-feet direction. The effective restraint system allows the pilot to withstand frontal and lateral impacts at helicopter emergency landing with backward and side-to-side acceleration up to 20 g and 9 g, correspondingly, respectively. The seat is equipped with an electro-mechanical system for seat height adjustment within 85 mm. The seat proper unit has a pad of suitable shape and a profiled support with a spine soft padding that provides the pilot comfortable accommodation in the seat. The seat is equipped with a 4-point restraint system having a central lock, which provides for quick release of the pilot in the emergency. The shoulder straps have an automatic inertia reel that provides for pilot mobility under normal flight conditions, and an automatic locking of the straps under emergency landing acceleration. The waist straps have a hand-operated tightening mechanism. In case of helicopter emergency landing, a special gas generator pulls the pilot's shoulders/waist strap to the seat proper unit. Then all the mechanisms lock and safely restrain the pilot body in the seat proper unit. The shock absorber is a punch with steel balls and a deformable tube made of aluminum alloy. When the seat proper unit travels downward along the guide tube, the punch deforms the aluminum tube by the balls at the required force. The imposed force is adjusted by changing the balls' quantity in the punch. The seat mounted on two brackets is attached to the vertical wall of the helicopter. The parachute system is arranged in the seat pan.

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